Skeletal come mobile fate defects caused by Pdgfrb initiating mutation

Background Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the onset and course of bipolar disorder is influenced by environmental light conditions. Increased suppression of melatonin by light (supersensitivity) in patients with bipolar disorder has been postulated as an endophenotype by several studies. However, due to methodological shortcomings, the results of these studies remain inconclusive. This study investigated melatonin suppression in euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder using evening blue light specifically targeting the melanopsin system. Methods Melatonin suppression was assessed in euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder and healthy controls by exposure to monochromatic blue light (λmax = 475 nm; photon density = 1.6 × 1013 photons/cm2/s) for 30 minutes at 2300 h, administered via a ganzfeld dome for highly uniform light exposure. Serum melatonin concentrations were determined from serial blood sampling via radioimmunoassay. All participants received mydriatic eye drops and were genotyped for th. Conclusion Despite using a large cohort and highly controlled laboratory conditions, we found no differences in melatonin suppression between euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder and healthy controls. These findings do not support the notion that supersensitivity is a valid endophenotype in bipolar I disorder. © 2020 Joule Inc. or its licensorsBACKGROUND Fracture of the distal radius is a common wrist injury. As to its management after orthopedic (conservative or surgical) treatment, there is weak evidence for conventional rehabilitation interventions. Despite the increasing interest for robot-assisted arm therapy as to neurological disabilities and its growing diffusion in rehabilitation facilities, no previous study investigated the feasibility of robotic training on arm orthopedic impairment. AIM To evaluate the feasibility in terms of efficacy of robot-assisted arm training on upper limb impairment in patients with fracture of the distal radius. DESIGN Proof-of-concept, pilot, randomized controlled trial. SETTING University hospital. POPULATION Twenty adult outpatients with distal radius fracture due to wrist injury. METHODS All participants underwent ten, 1-hour (40 minutes of arm training + 20 minutes of conventional occupational therapy) training sessions, five days a week for two consecutive weeks. They were randomly assigned to two groups for treating upper limb impairment in adult patients with distal radius fracture treated conservatively or surgically. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT The treatment of arm impairment consequent to distal radius fractures by means of robot-assisted arm training may allow therapists to focus on functional rehabilitation during occupational (individual) therapy and supervise (more than one) patients simultaneously during robotic training sessions.BACKGROUND Biomechanical overload due to patients' manual handling represents a relevant contributor to chronic low back pain (LBP). Fear of movement (also known as kinesiophobia) and catastrophising may influence the development of chronic complaints and lower performances also in working environments, despite these issues are poorly investigated. AIM This study had a twofold aim ì) to evaluate the levels of kinesiophobia and catastrophising in a sample of health personnel with chronic LBP and employed in activities specifically requiring patients' manual handling, and ìì) to appraise the influence of these factors on disability. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Four Italian hospitals. POPULATION Sixty-four healthcare workers suffering from nonspecific low back pain, exposed to the spinal risk of biomechanical overload due to patients' manual handling. METHODS We assessed kinesiophobia, catastrophising and disability by means of validated questionnaires (the Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia (Tal in health workers engaged with patients' manual handling and suffering from chronic LBP.BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous (SC) elamipretide dosing on exercise performance using the 6 min walk test (6MWT), patient-reported outcomes measuring fatigue, functional assessments, and safety to guide the development of the Phase 3 trial. METHODS MMPOWER-2 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial that enrolled participants (N = 30) with genetically confirmed primary mitochondrial myopathy. Participants were randomly assigned (11) to 40 mg/day SC elamipretide for 4 weeks followed by placebo SC for 4 weeks, separated by a 4-week washout period, or the opposite sequence. The primary endpoint was the distance walked on the 6MWT. RESULTS The distance walked on the 6MWT by the elamipretide-treated participants was 398.3 (±134.16) meters compared with 378.5 (±125.10) meters in the placebo-treated group, a difference of 19.8 m (95% confidence interval, -2.8, 42.5; P = 0.0833). The results of the Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy Symptom Assessment Total Fatdy. Secondary endpoints were suggestive of an elamipretide treatment effect compared with placebo. Nominal statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements were seen in patient-reported outcomes. The results of this trial provided an efficacy signal and data to support the initiation of MMPOWER-3, a 6-month long, Phase 3 treatment trial in patients with primary mitochondrial myopathy. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders.OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of high-density Electroencephalography (HD-EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to localize interictal ripples, distinguish between ripples co-occurring with spikes (ripples-on-spike) and independent from spikes (ripples-alone), and evaluate their localizing value as biomarkers of epileptogenicity in children with medically refractory epilepsy. METHODS We retrospectively studied 20 children who underwent epilepsy surgery. We identified ripples on HD-EEG and MEG data, localized their generators, and compared them with intracranial EEG (icEEG) ripples. When ripples and spikes co-occurred, we performed source imaging distinctly on the data above 80 Hz (to localize ripples) and below 70 Hz (to localize spikes). We assessed whether missed resection of ripple sources predicted poor outcome, separately for ripples-on-spikes and ripples-alone. Similarly, predictive value of spikes was calculated. RESULTS We observed scalp ripples in 16 patients (10 good outcome). Ripple sources were half of American Neurological Association.BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a potentially life-threatening adverse event. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially ILD, was associated with treatment efficacy and to research the features and risk factors of ILD in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Between December 2015 and November 2018, 130 advanced NSCLC patients were treated with nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab. The patients were categorized into two groups (irAEs group or non-irAEs group). Subsequently, we divided the irAEs group into two groups based on the incidence of ILD (ILD group and irAEs-non-ILD group). Treatment efficacy and the characteristics of ILD were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 39 (30%) patients developed irAEs. ILD was observed in 16 (12%) patients. Patients with ILD had a higher objective response rate (ORR) compared with irAEs-non-ILD patients and non-irAEs patients (63%, 43% and 22%, respectively). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 15.9 months in ILD patients, 5.4 months in irAEs-non-ILD patients and 3.3 months in non-irAEs patients (log-rank test, P = 0.033). Pre-existing interstitial pneumonia (IP) was an independent risk factor for ILD-induced ICIs (odds ratio [OR] 14.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.16-99.6, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS ORR and PFS were significantly better in ILD patients than in irAEs-non-ILD and non-irAEs patients. Pre-existing history of IP was an independent risk factor for ILD-induced ICIs. © 2020 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.BACKGROUND Sarcopenia causes several adverse events in elderly people. Muscle fibre atrophy and interstitial fibrosis are the main histopathological changes in sarcopenia and account for decreased muscle function. Tribbles homologue 3 (TRB3) was previously reported to exhibit age-related expression and play a vital role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and fibrosis. We aimed to investigate how TRB3 affects sarcopenia. METHODS Wild-type and TRB3 knockout C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into young and old groups. Exercise capacity was evaluated, and single-muscle function was detected by electrophysiological techniques, after which the mice were sacrificed to collect their gastrocnemius muscles for assessment of atrophy and fibrosis by histopathological and molecular biological methods. TRB3 expression, autophagy level, and MAPK signalling pathway activity were evaluated through western blotting. The interaction of TRB3 with P62 and the association between TRB3 and the MAPK signalling pathway were de and MAPKKs, including MEK1/MEK2, MEK3/MEK6, and MEK4/MKK4. Notably, TRB3 knockout reduced the accumulation of p62 and LC3 (P less then 0.05 for both), decreased the phosphorylation of JNK (P = 0.0015), and increased p38 phosphorylation (P = 0.0021). CONCLUSIONS TRB3 knockout in mice attenuated muscle fibre atrophy and reduced skeletal muscle fibrosis by increasing autophagy and inhibiting the MAPK signalling pathway. Correspondingly, in aged knockout mice, exercise capacity was improved. Interfering with TRB3 expression in aged skeletal muscles may serve as a target for the prevention and treatment of age-related sarcopenia. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders.Lignin is one the most fascinating natural polymers due to its complex aromatic-aliphatic structure. Phenolic hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups along with other functionalities provide technical lignins with reactivity and amphiphilic character. Many different lignins have been used as a functional agent to facilitate synthesis and stabilization of inorganic materials. Here we review the use of lignin in synthesis and chemistry of inorganic materials in selected applications with relevance to sustainable energy and environmental fields. In essence, the combination of lignin and inorganic materials creates an interface between soft and hard materials. It is in many occasions either this interface or the external lignin surface that provides functionality to the hybrid and composite materials. We close with an outlook of future directions for this research field that bridges inorganic and lignin materials for a more sustainable future. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Fused donor-acceptor triads composed of two tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) and benzoquinone (BQ) ( 1 ) or naphthoquinone (NQ) ( 2 ) were successfully synthesized. X-ray structure analysis of the bis( n- butylthio) derivative ( 1c ) revealed that the molecules are stacked in a head-to-tail manner. In the cyclic voltammetry, the bis( n -hexylthio)- 1 ( 1d ) exhibits six-pairs of one-electron transfer waves corresponding to the formation of both reduction and oxidation states from -2 to +4. The unsubstituted and bis(methylthio) derivatives of 1 and 2 work as a positive electrode active material for the rechargeable batteries, and several of whose energy densities exceed 800 mWh g -1 . BzATP triethylammonium cell line The bis(methylthio)- 2 ( 2b ) also functions as a positive electrode material for the rechargeable sodium ion battery. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.