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ADHD Diagnosis For Adults
A clear diagnosis of ADHD can help you manage symptoms that can cause issues at work and home. The symptoms of ADHD can lead to anxiety and depression.
A thorough assessment will include an extensive interview with you. It may also involve screening questionnaires for other conditions that might resemble ADHD or coexist with it, for example depression or anxiety. Your healthcare provider may also ask you to speak with your loved ones.
Diagnosis
If you suspect that you might have ADHD or other related disorders, it is crucial to have an evaluation conducted by a licensed health care professional. This could be a psychiatrist, psychologist or family physician, or nurse practitioner with specialized knowledge in mental disorders. The assessment will include talking about your symptoms, the issues they create and the ways you've dealt with them. The healthcare provider will also look over your medical background, including any previous mental health problems and any other medications you are taking.
The healthcare provider must be able to identify at least six symptoms (traits) of ADHD. They are present in at minimum two environments (home or school, as well as social situations) and be significantly affecting your ability to function. The symptoms must have been present for at least six months and be continuous. In addition, your healthcare provider must determine whether your symptoms are inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive or a combination of both.
Signs of inattention include a tendency to forget things, losing items, and having difficulty paying attention. Problems in school are also common. People with inattentive ADHD might not follow directions or complete assignments or submit work on time. They aren't able to sit still, paying close attention to others or focusing on themselves. They frequently interrupt and blurt answers before the questions are finished. They can't wait their turn during conversations or games.
Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD symptoms include restlessness, fidgeting or excessively tapping hands and speaking without thinking. This type of ADHD can lead to issues at school, home and at work. These problems are usually linked to financial problems and troubled relationships.
The person who is doing the assessment might want to talk with your parents or teachers and review any evidence of your behavior issues as a child. They'll likely conduct physical examinations to rule out any other medical conditions that may be contributing to your symptoms, like thyroid problems or seizures.
They might recommend additional psychological, neuropsychological and/or learning disabilities testing if the problems you are having at work, school or in your relationships require it. These tests don't diagnose ADHD however they can provide valuable information on how the disorder affects your life.
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If you suspect that your child or you has ADHD It's crucial to find a qualified medical expert who can assess your symptoms. You can ask your doctor for a referral. Contact your insurance provider. Search online for specialists who specialize in ADHD assessments of adults. You can also ask for recommendations from an adult ADHD support group.
During the assessment the person who is conducting the test will speak to you or your child about your childhood and present life to get a better idea of what's happening. They might also request to speak with your teachers and others who were around you as a kid. They could inquire about your medical background and past illnesses to determine if have any symptoms related to ADHD like depression or anxiety.
The evaluator also uses ratings scales and questionnaires to determine the frequency at which your child or you display certain ADHD behaviors and how severe they are. These tools can help to compare your child's behavior to the ones of other children and adults who have been diagnosed with the condition. This is to make sure you or your child meets the criteria that are standard for diagnosing. Your child or you may be subject to a neurological or physical examination. They may also look for a medical issue that may be mimicking ADHD, such as seizures or thyroid issues.
For children to be diagnosed with ADHD, they need to consistently demonstrate six or more of the behavioral symptoms listed in two categories -- inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity -- over the course of six months. For adults, five established symptoms in one category are needed -- either inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity. The symptoms cannot be explained by other mental disorder, such as anxiety or mood disorders. Your evaluator uses the results of the test and interview to determine the diagnosis of ADHD. The evaluator writes a report outlining his or her findings, and suggests solutions. They'll likely give you or your child with a copy of the report.
Treatment
Having ADHD can cause issues in many areas of life, including family and work. Some of the signs include impulsivity and forgetfulness which can lead to financial difficulties or problems at work or at school. Family and marriage therapy can aid those suffering from ADHD overcome the difficulties they encounter in their relationships. Individual psychotherapy, also referred to as talk therapy, can help address feelings of anger and inadequacy frequently associated with an ADHD diagnosis. Finding a therapist with experience working with ADHD patients and who understands their unique challenges is important.
Health professionals employ a variety of methods to determine if someone has ADHD. They may observe them in various situations, inquire about their symptoms and the impact they have on their lives, review past behavior and conduct neuropsychological and psychological tests, and conduct a medical exam. They can also talk to teachers and caregivers in order to gain a complete picture of the individual's daily life. This includes their home, workplace and social setting.
The symptoms are required to be present in at minimum two locations and affect daily functioning. They must have been present for at least six months. The symptoms must have developed prior to the age of 12 and are not attributed to any other mental disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
Older teens and adults must meet the criteria for both the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive types of ADHD to be diagnosed with this disorder. They must display at least five signs in a variety of situations.
A therapist can help teach techniques that can help to reduce the symptoms of ADHD, such as making plans ahead and keeping track of your schedules using a notebook or planner, and developing and sticking to routines. They can also help with communication and problem-solving skills that can aid in managing symptoms. Treatment options also include medication, lifestyle adjustments and accommodations--tools or changes in the environment that make it easier for people with a condition to function, like step stools that allow short people to reach things that are high up.
Support
For many people, getting an adult diagnosis can be a relief and the feeling of having a clear understanding of what's happening. It can also be an emotional time for those who have lost out on opportunities at school or at relationships or work that have failed. It's especially tough for girls and women whose symptoms might have been missed in childhood or not recognized as they matured, Matlen said.
A specialist or doctor will review the person's life story including childhood and adolescence. They will review documents from work and school and then interview the individual and anyone else who is familiar with them and ask questions about their symptoms. They will check to ensure that the symptoms are not more easily explained by a mental health condition, like anxiety or depression or that the individual does not have physical issues such as low blood pressure or a hearing or vision impairment.
The doctor might also suggest cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in addition to the physical exam. The aim of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is to help individuals change their thoughts and behavior to better manage their ADHD. The Therapist will teach the person strategies to improve their organizational skills as well as time management and impulse control. They will also instruct the person how to identify and avoid triggers that cause ADHD symptoms.
Some doctors may refer the patient to a psychologist or psychiatrist who has experience in treating adults suffering from ADHD. They can discuss the problems the person is having at work, at home and in relationships. They will also be able to recommend support groups for adults with ADHD and other resources.
If a patient is having difficulty finding a specialist doctor, they could ask their primary care provider for a referral or search their health insurance provider's online directory. They can also ask friends and family members for suggestions or join a local support group for adults suffering from ADHD. The specialist can help the person find a psychiatrist or neurologist to monitor their medication as well as an therapist or a life coach to provide them with practical strategies to manage their symptoms and make positive changes in their day-to-day lives.