GPMOT A manuscript glycophorin different identified in the Western bloodstream donor

Background Multilevel fusions and complex osteotomies to restore global alignment in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery can lead to increased operative time and blood loss. selleckchem In this regard, we assessed factors predictive of perioperative blood product transfusion in patients undergoing long posterior spinal fusion for ASD. Methods A single-institution retrospective review was conducted on 909 patients with ASD, age > 18 years, who underwent surgery for ASD with greater than 4 levels fused. Using conditional inference tree analysis, a machine learning methodology, we sought to predict the combination of variables that best predicted increased risk for intraoperative percent blood volume lost and perioperative blood product transfusion. Results Among the 909 patients included in the study, 377 (41.5%) received red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. The conditional inference tree analysis identified greater than 13 levels fused, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score > 1, a history of hypertension, 3-column osteotomy, pelvic fixation, and operative time > 8 hours, as significant risk factors for perioperative RBC transfusion. The best predictors for the subgroup with the highest risk for intraoperative percent blood volume lost (subgroup mean 53.1% ± 42.9%) were greater than 13 levels fused, ASA score > 1, preoperative hemoglobin  1, 3-column osteotomy, and pelvic fixation are consistent risk factors for increased intraoperative percent blood volume lost and perioperative RBC transfusion. The addition of having a preoperative hemoglobin  less then  13.6 g/dL or undergoing a posterior column osteotomy conferred the highest risk for intraoperative blood loss. This information can assist spinal deformity surgeons in identifying at-risk individuals and allocating healthcare resources. Level of Evidence 3. ©International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery 2020.Background Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolisms (HA-VTE) are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in spine surgery patients. The purpose of this study was to review HA-VTE rates at our institution and evaluate the prevalence of known risk factors in patients who developed HA-VTE among both neurosurgical and orthopedic spine surgeries. Methods Retrospective chart reviews were conducted of all spine surgery patients from January 1, 2013, to July 31, 2017, to evaluate rates of HA-VTE and prevalence of known HA-VTE risk factors among these patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for categorical variables and independent Student t test for continuous variables were utilized with significance set at P 60 years, and orthopedic patients had higher EBL and rates of anterior-posterior surgery. This highlights the different patient populations between the 2 departments and the need for individualized thromboprophylaxis regimens. Level of Evidence 4. ©International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery 2020.Purpose The objective was to compare the traditional microdiscectomy with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for the treatment of disc herniations regarding pain, disability, and complications. Methods Randomized clinical trial with 47 patients with disc herniations treated with 2 different surgical techniques traditional microdiscectomy or percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Forty-seven patients were divided into 2 groups and monitored for 12 months. Irradiated and low back pain were evaluated with the visual analog scale. Surgery complications were recorded. Results After surgery, the sciatica and disability improved significantly but without significant differences between the groups. Improvements in back pain were significant until the third month. There were no statistical differences between groups regarding recurrence, infection, and the need for reoperation. Conclusions Endoscopic discectomy results are similar to those of conventional microdiscectomy regarding pain and disability improvement. Postoperative lumbar pain is less intense with endoscopic discectomy than conventional microdiscectomy only during the first 3 months. Endoscopic discectomy is a safe and efficient alternative to microdiscectomy. Clinical Trials Trial protocol registration number RBR-5symrd (http//www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br). ©International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery 2020.Background Cervical spine blunt trauma patients with the presence of a cerebrovascular injury may be given initiation of heparin anticoagulation treatment prior to necessary surgical stabilization. Literature regarding the safety and efficacy of these procedures while a patient is on active anticoagulation is limited, requiring further investigation. The primary research question for this study is Can cervical spine decompression and fusion in the context of a blunt cerebrovascular injury and anticoagulation therapy be completed safely? To accomplish this a comparison of outcomes and perioperative complications was made to a control group. Methods A total of 63 trauma patients requiring cervical spine decompression and fusion from 2013 to 2015 were identified at our North American level 1 trauma center. Evaluation of patient injury data, bleeding events, postoperative infections, and neurologic outcomes was collected from chart review. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading system was used to mgo safe and successful cervical spine stabilization procedures. Level of Evidence Therapeutic level III. ©International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery 2020.Background There is still no consensus in the literature regarding the use of 1 screw or 2 screws. A number of studies have proved ethnic variations in the morphometry of the odontoid. There is no literature on the morphometry of odontoid in Egyptian patients. Methods Computerized tomography (CT) scans of the head and cervical spine of 100 healthy (no evidence of cervical spine fracture) patients of Egyptian origin were studied. Measurements were performed using Horos software, which allowed exact morphometric measurements to be taken at a specific angle in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Results The mean age was 48.57 ± 15.39 years (range, 18-79 years; 56 male and 44 female patients). The mean radiologically calculated screw length and the mean radiologically calculated screw insertion angle were 38.21 ± 2.2 mm and 55.7° ± 3.84°, respectively. The mean anteroposterior and transverse diameter of the odontoid at the waist in the axial cut were 11.02 ± 1.05 mm and 8.92 ± 0.93 mm, respectively. A total of 54% and 6% of the study sample had the transverse waist diameter of the odontoid in the axial cut below 9 mm and 7.