Sensing phishing websites making use of appliance learning technique

6% in one sample, while 30% concentration reduced it by an average of 18.0% ± 6,0% in 5 other samples. Finally, cinnamon powder supplementation caused a significant reduction in HT-2 levels in all stored samples, even at its lowest concentration. 30% supplementation resulted in HT-2 reduction in cereal samples by 67.1% - 76.1%, in wheat bran samples by 57.5% - 69.2%, in oat bran samples by 83.4% - 87.0% and by 55.0% - 100% in samples of cereal products intended for consumption by children.
Natural products used in the experiment (blueberry, cranberry, cinnamon) inhibited the formation of mycotoxins from the group of trichothecenes.
Natural products used in the experiment (blueberry, cranberry, cinnamon) inhibited the formation of mycotoxins from the group of trichothecenes.
Money is the most common item with which we have daily contact. Circulated banknotes and coins can become microbiologically contaminated and act as both a source and a means of spreading such pollutants.
The study was carried out in three money sorting facilities in Poland. Bioaerosol samples were collected using a 6-stage Andersen impactor, and microorganisms deposited on tabletop surfaces were sampled using the swab method. Bacterial and fungal concentrations were calculated and all isolated species were taxonomically identified.
The study confirmed that means of payment are active sources of microbial emission in money sorting facilities. The bioaerosol concentrations did not exceed the threshold limit values proposed for this type of office premises. It confirms that ventilation systems in these facilities worked efficiently, protecting them from the migration of microbial contaminants present in both indoor and outdoor (atmospheric) background air. On the other hand, the average concentrations of bng environment, to prevent both unwanted pollution and subsequent secondary emission of microbial contaminants from sorted means of payment and tabletop surfaces.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is reactivated by the use of immunosuppressive drugs. CMV infection may produce IBD flares refractory to standard therapy.
The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of CMV colitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) flare.
A total of 8 children, with mild to severe UC, positive for CMV PCR in colonic biopsies, received 50-100 ml FMT by nasogastric tube on 5 consecutive days in each of 2 weeks. During the study, the subjects were treated with 5ASA and FMT. Immunosuppressant therapy was withdrawn, when CMV colitis was diagnosed by positive DNA PCR in colonic tissues. The clinical response was defined as a decrease of Paediatric UC Activity Index by ≥20 points.
At the 6th week of the study, negative colonic CMV DNA PCR was measured after 10 infusions in 7/8 patients. For one boy, 20 infusions were administered to assess CMV elimination from colonic biopsies. A clinical response was observed in 3/8 patients, with clinical remission in 3/8 patients. Faecal calprotectin decreased significantly in 3 patients. CRP normalized in 2 patients after 6 weeks. No serious adverse effects were observed during and after infusions.
FMT seems to be an effective and safe treatment option for CMV colitis in children with UC. selleck compound This is the first study to demonstrate the application of FMT as a new therapeutic option for CMV colitis.
FMT seems to be an effective and safe treatment option for CMV colitis in children with UC. This is the first study to demonstrate the application of FMT as a new therapeutic option for CMV colitis.
(
) and
(
) are the most common ticks in Poland. These ticks contain many bacteria, which compose a microbiome with potential impact on humans. The aim of the study was to discover the microbiome of ticks in Poland.
Ticks were collected in The Protected Landscape Area of the Bug and Nurzec Valley, Poland, in 2016-2018 by flagging. They were cleaned in 70% ethanol and damaged in mortar with PBS (without Ca
and Mg
ions). DNA was extracted from the homogenates with spin columns kits, and used as a matrix in end-point PCR for bacterial
fragments amplifications, and further for next generation sequencing (NGS) by ILLUMINA.
In 22 ticks (3
and 19
) 38 microorganisms were detected. The most common were
and
. In 17 ticks,
, and in 12
were found. In 2,
specific DNA of
and
were found. In one female,
and
were found.
and
were detected in 9 and 8 ticks, respectively.
Polish ticks microbiome contains not only well-known tick-borne pathogens, but also other pathogenic microorganisms. For the first time in Poland,
and
in
collected from the environment were detected. The dominant pathogenic microorganisms for humans were
spp. and
spp., and non-pathogenic -
. Knowledge of a tick microbiome might be useful in tick-borne biocontrol and tick-borne diseases prevention.
Polish ticks microbiome contains not only well-known tick-borne pathogens, but also other pathogenic microorganisms. For the first time in Poland, Borrelia americana and Borrelia carolinensis in I. ricinus collected from the environment were detected. The dominant pathogenic microorganisms for humans were Francisella spp. and Rickettsia spp., and non-pathogenic - Sphingomonas oligophenolica. Knowledge of a tick microbiome might be useful in tick-borne biocontrol and tick-borne diseases prevention.
Deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin) and Zearalenone (ZEA) are mycotoxin contaminants of cereals and cereal products that pose a significant threat to food safety. The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of DON and ZEA in different organic and conventional unprocessed cereals and cereal products that are available on the Polish agricultural fields and market. A total of 78 unprocessed cereal and cereal product samples of organic and conventional production were sampled from agricultural fields situated in western Poland and from available on the Polish market packaged comercial products produced by different domestic manufacturers. All samples were analyzed for DON and ZEA by HPLC with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD).
Results. Co-occurrence of DON was detected in cereals from the organic production system, the average content was 285.25 ± 134,04 μg kg
and from the conventional system - 373.71 ± 171,20 μg kg
, In flour from organic farming, the average DON content was 213.80 ± 151,28 μg kg
, in conventional flour the average was 336.